Why GPU for your browser tests
Without a GPU, Chromium falls back to software rendering: WebGL, Canvas and video are slow and sometimes differ from reality. With the iGPU exposed (/dev/dri), your Selenium/Playwright tests run with real hardware rendering — faster and more faithful.
Chromium on the iGPU (ANGLE / Vulkan)
Enable Chromium GPU acceleration via ANGLE/Vulkan; the browser uses the server’s integrated GPU, headless or under Xvfb.
// playwright.config.ts
use: { launchOptions: { args: [
'--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=vulkan',
'--enable-features=Vulkan', '--ignore-gpu-blocklist',
] } }
In CI and at scale
Containerize your Playwright/Selenium workers and parallelize your E2E suites across several nodes with k3s / Kubernetes. Root SSH, IPv6 included, LUKS encryption.